Pattern Dystrophy

Pattern dystrophy is a group of inherited macular conditions in which characteristic deposits form at the macula, usually causing mild to moderate changes in central vision later in life.

Common symptoms

Mild blurring or distortion of central vision, difficulty with fine detail, and sometimes no symptoms at all in the early stages.

Description

Pattern dystrophies are a group of inherited conditions of the macula, most commonly linked to changes in the PRPH2 gene. Yellow, grey, or pigmented deposits form in a pattern at the macula and can be seen during an eye examination and on retinal imaging.

The condition usually appears in middle age and tends to progress slowly. Many people retain reasonable vision for many years, although some develop complications such as macular atrophy or new blood vessel growth, which can cause a sudden change in vision.

There is no specific cure, but regular monitoring helps detect complications early. Injections may be used for new blood vessels, and low vision aids and good lighting help with any lasting loss of central vision. Genetic testing can help distinguish pattern dystrophy from similar-looking conditions.